Failures of Reconstruction Essay Example for Free

Failures of Reconstruction Essay General William T. Sherman’s meeting with the black leaders who would become successful and prominent leaders of black people in the United States of America on January 12, 1865 somehow foreshadowed the coming of Reconstruction in this era. The meeting which united both white and black Americans who wished for the abolition of slavery was also the start of the partnership between these liberals and the blacks. In a decade, several incidents happened which marked the greatest times in the black American history. Four days after the meeting, a land was given to the black Americans and mules that were not being used by the army were also given to them. This land will be the residence of more than 40,000 freed slaves. Because of this, they hoped that their emancipation will not only free them from slavery but also give them the freedom to be economically independent and have genuine freedom. However, it seems that the fight for freedom can be forgotten and reconstruction, that thing which should be uniting the shattered country will fail and become one of the greatest failures in the American history. Why did Reconstruction fail? Who was the one to blame? While there are these black Americans who highly anticipated their freedom and liberals worked in redefining freedom for the rest of both the black and white Americans, there will be a problem that will fail the reconstruction era. After a decade, people got tired of fighting for freedom and soon, there are problems in line with the new administration. After the black Americans were indeed successful to establish their own lives and building churches, schools for black children and institutions, a decade later, the fight for their freedom and rights suddenly met silence. Andrew Johnson confiscated all lands that were given to black Americans thus starting the failure in land reform which was given in 1865. At the same time, he is not in favor of the rights being pushed by the Republicans for the sake of the Black Americans. His views regarding the freedom of the African-Americans were not in line with what these former slaves ought to have. Hence, his ideas of reconstruction were the same reason why it failed. The politicians from the south cannot accept emancipation and the liberty that slaves must have while the president is not in favor of the Reconstruction being pushed by the slaves and the Republicans. The failure of Reconstruction was brought by the fact that there are people who cannot accept the reality of emancipation and pushed what they wanted best for themselves than what is right for the rest of the United States of America. Works Cited Eric Foner. Give Me Liberty! An American History, 2e Volume II eBook from   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.wwnorton.com/college/history/foner2v2_ebook/welcome.asp

Why We Go To Malls :: Free Essay Writer

Why We Go To Malls There are a number of reasons why people shop at malls. For one thing, people malls extremely convenient. In addition malls provide shoppers with a great variety of stores and shopping opportunities. Finally, and perhaps most importantly, malls are great places for entertainment. Malls are convenient places to shop. They provide shoppers with abundant and secure parking areas. Shoppers need not drive around for fifteen minutes looking for a parking place, nor need they be afraid to walk to their cars after they have completed their shopping. Malls are usually totally indoors so people are comfortable why they shop. They do not they do not have to be subject to the elements as they go from store to store. Finally, the most convenient aspect of the mall is its one stop shopping experience. Variety is another advantage of the mall. There are specialty stores, such as candle stores, bath and beauty stores and music and video stores. These are the anchors of the mall, and the mall provides "odd stores" for those eccentric shoppers who are looking for different items. Finally, the mall is a wonderful entertainment center. Not only do people go there to shop, but they also got there for relaxation. There are movies sometimes as many as fifteen or sixteen. In addition, arcades are available for children, teens and adults. Some parents drop their children off at the arcade, give them a roll of quarters and pick them up after they have completed their shopping. For the hungry shopper there is a food court, which provides fast food for those shoppers who want to relax and possibly have a cocktail with their meal, other restaurants are available.

Comparison between cockroach, hunting snake and horses

Similarities between Hunting Snake, Pike, Horses, Cockroach The first escalates I could see In the poems was a theme of Tear and respect' towards the mall creature of the poem shown through contradicting dialogue The first example is ‘Pike' by Ted Hughes. The poet uses the poem to expresses his love and respect but also fear towards the fresh water cannibalistic fish.The first line of the poem â€Å"Pike, three inches long, perfect† shows the poets knowledge of the fish and he describes the fish as being perfect which shows us he respects the fish but in the line â€Å"But silently cast and shed with the hair frozen on my head for what might move† shows us that he is afraid of what might be lurking underneath the â€Å"heat struck Elli pads† reinforcing that he not only loves the fish but also fears the fish.Judith Wright talks about her love and respect towards the great black snake' In her poem â€Å"Hunting snake† The poet uses the line â€Å"we walked, and froze half through a pace† to show the readers that there Is a threat, as people generally freeze when there Is a dangerous animal which shows us that the poet is afraid of the snake, but then she contradicts this with he line â€Å"Curves of diamond scale, and we lost breath to watch him pass† as the words â€Å"curves of diamond† gives us a sense of beauty and elegance as diamonds are thought to be worn by beautiful women, so the poet is describing the snake as having diamond scales.So the scales is the ring and the snake is wearing the â€Å"ring† so the poet is comparing the snake to a beautiful and elegant woman showing us that she has a sense towards the snake. The second part of that line â€Å"and we lost breath to watch him pass† in my opinion shows us that they are speechless as a common thing o say when you receive something amazing Is ‘l don't know what to say so the poet Is saying that they were speechless at the sight of the great snake and that they were privileged to be witnessing.Further conforming my theory that the poet Is scared of the snake but at the same time admires Its natural beauty. Horses was hard at first as I lost the poem but after Google searching It I saw that Edwin Mir was also a victim of this love hate relationship between the poet and the animal. He constantly describes the horse as majestic and beautiful creatures as he watches from a stance. He uses the line â€Å"They marched broad-breasted to the sinking sun† to describe them as proud and majestic and the 5th paragraph describes the gigantic size and power of the horses.These examples indicates the respect that the poet has towards the creature. â€Å"Perhaps some childish hour has come again, when I watched fearful† is a contradiction as the poet talks about his love for the power and size of the creature thought the poem but this line shows us that he is in fact afraid of them as well. He remembers as a child he was scared of horses and that he has a felling of D ©J v as he Is watching them again. Showing us that he Is In love with the animal that Is also afraid of.Cockroach was the hardest poem to explain the poets respect and fear for the creature. But a closer inspection shows that the poet likes the as he describes the cockroach â€Å"skirting a ball of dust that rode the floor† as the ‘dust' is a familiar object which to the cockroach and gives a sense of familiarity and safety which you have as a child. The poet uses words like â€Å"satisfied† which gives us a elegant vibe showing that the poet likes the cockroach as it reminds him of his pleasant childhood experience.But this vibe changes about half way through the poem. The line â€Å"Restlessness that worsened over time† shows us that the poet now sees himself later in life and he is not happy as he was not happy with his life. This shows us that the poet is now afraid of the cockroach as he sees himself and he is not happy with what he sees. Conforming that the poet both loves the cockroach as he sees his childhood which he treasures and his present self which he despises.

Functional Areas of Business Essay

Analyzing the functional areas of Management In all types of businesses (big or small), managers play a key role in the efficiency, profitability, and functionality of how the business meets its goals and successes. The purpose of managers are to oversee and coordinate the work of others. As managers, it is important that ensure that the business’ greatest resource, which are its employees, are used effectively. There are several functional areas within business that managers play a role in one way or another. These functional areas are business law, human resource management, leadership, accounting, finance, economics, research and statistics, marketing, operations management, and strategic management. Each of these functional areas are like a piece of the pie, in where when they are assembled, represent the business as a whole cohesive unit. In business law, the manager ensures that the operations of a business are legally sound and that the business is compliant with any state, federal, or international codes and regulations. Many businesses use the services or products of other businesses, which requires the use of contracts. Managers must have an understanding of contracts to ensure they are current, fair, and meet the needs of the company. Managers also use business law to ensure all intellectual property is safeguarded such as patents. Human resources management is a key function in all businesses because it directly involves the development of personnel within a business. All managers play a role in the life cycle of their employees to include hiring, training, promotion, and disciplinary actions. The role of human resources managers is constantly evolving and many organizat ions have added the responsibilities of retirement benefits, and payroll accounting to their scope of practices. The leadership of managers involves the way in which managers influence employees to meet the company’s goals. Managers use leadership to motivate and inspire their employees to get the job done, and done well. Managers who are good leaders can to use their leadership skills to handle and  resolve conflict that may arise, and solicit cooperation through organizational change. Management and leadership are skills that go hand in hand. As a manager, one must organize the work of personnel not just to maximize efficiency, but lead them by nurturing skills to develop talent and inspire results (Murray, 2009). Accounting is a critical function in management. Whether a for profit business or nonprofit business, both need and use money to survive and succeed. It is important that managers understand the fiscal competencies within their area of responsibility to be good stewards of the funds or profits they are accountable for. There are two components to accounting financial and managerial. Managers in financial accounting create financial documents, such as balance sheets and income statements through the tracking of expenses and profits within a business. Managers in managerial accounting use these statements created by financial managers to in their decision-making processes to make efficient use of funds and control costs. Finance is a function of business that concentrates on the fiscal properties of a business, such as revenue, loans, grants, and subsidies. Like accounting, finance is critical to any business if it wants to succeed in a competitive business word. Managers must be able to identify how and when financing is needed to maintain current business operations as well as obtaining new capital or ventures. The function of economics in business provides an avenue of how well a business is doing in the business market locally or globally. Managers use economics to increase profits within their market conditions by studying the consumption, production, and distribution of their service or product. Economics can also provide valuable information to managers when economies become unstable or are experiencing a recession, or when seeking to venture into a new market. Research and statistics are valuable resources for a business. To stay competitive and profitable, businesses continually must conduct research to meet consumer demand. Research is also vital for a business who wants to expand its services or products. The raw data gathered from the research can be interpreted using a variety of statistical methods. The information extracted from the research and statistical data assist managers in deciding what business processes are useful and maintaining goals, and what processes may need to be modified or dismissed. The manager’s role in operations management is to ensure that the goods or  service are getting to the customer efficiently and cost effectively. It is important the supply chain runs effortlessly to meet the customer demand changes. Managers must also be able to anticipate and forecast demand changes in profits to determine when new equipment or facilities are necessary to maintain or increase profits and customer satisfaction. All businesses use some type of marketing tool to grow their business. It can be a million dollar television add or word of mouth from recent customers. In marketing, managers must understand customers who would use their product or service and what would make them happy enough to come back or tell someone else. Through research and statistics, managers can gain insight into how to advertise to their consumer bases and discover what their consumer’s needs are. Marketing can also assist managers of new businesses to develop a brand and image th at is eye catching but relevant to the goods or service it provides. Strategic planning is a manager’s planning tool to help implement plans and changes that will help the business achieve its organizational goals. Strategic planning provides a roadmap for managers throughout the organization so that all functional areas though specific in responsibilities, can achieve success to obtaining the strategic goals of the organization. The link between planning and performance is widely connected because of the ever-changing business climate in globalization, technology advancement, deregulation, and emerging new markets (Meers & Robertson, 2007). Each functional area of business is considered a building block with a specific purpose or specialty that it is accountable for. When those building blocks are formed together, they provide the foundation and structure upon which the business operates as an entity. Managers are the â€Å"glue† that bind each of these functional areas into an integrated seamless structure. References Meers, K. A., & Robertson, C. (2007). Strategic planning practices in profitable small firms in the United States. The Business Review, Cambridge, 7(1), 302-307. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/197300272?accountid=458 Murray, A. (2009, April 7). What is the difference between management and leadership. Retrieved from

Greek Art Essays - Greek Art, Ancient Greece, Ancient Greek Art

Greek Art Essays - Greek Art, Ancient Greece, Ancient Greek Art Greek Art Greek Art Art is the creation of beauty, it was the first written language and to study art history is to study the history of civilizations and mankind. The Greeks essentially molded the world with their intelligence in art, architecture and astronomy for many. They were a culture that strived for perfection and harmony. The abstract geometric patterning that was dominant during the Geometric period is replaced by a more naturalistic style in the Archaic period which inspired Greek artists to work in techniques as diverse as gem cutting, ivory carving, jewelry making and metal working. (The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2003) Also during this time the increasing naturalistic representations of the human body was being sculpted into perfection by using the perfect blend of balance and proportion for the male and female body. They called the male the Kouros; he was considered to represent the Greek god Apollo and was always depicted nude in a contrapposto position. The female equivalent was Kore, or standing draped maiden. She unlike the male was always clothed and standing erect with feet together or sometimes with one foot to the left. The Classical period removes us from the world of Archaic rigidity and on to one in which art takes on the task of representing life, and not merely just creating tokens of life, this in turn gets the viewer more involved. This period of time comprises of two distinct periods: the early classical and the high classical. However both these periods shared the uniquely contradicting, constantly explorative, and modestly idealistic vision of life, which made the subjects of the stele, at their moment of death, all the more human to the observer. Neither the previous Archaic period, nor the following 4th century, or the preceding civilizations quite so convincingly capture for the observer the poignancy of death the way a fifth century BC stele could. The period of the 5th century B.C. is sometimes referred to as the golden age, which is the height for Greek art and civilizations; and ironically has its beginning and ending in war. ?Between the boundaries of 480 and 404 the human figure ran through a wide range of psychological nuances. ? Of these many ?nuances? there are two significant styles that are observed in art history. First there is ?the self-confidence brought about by a deep-seated certainty of the outcome of the struggle with the environment in the course of the ?severe style?, which is a characteristic of the early classical period. And then there is the resignation bought about by dashed hopes the fickleness of illusions and escapism in the ever fragile creatures of the ?rich style? ?, which can be identified in the high classical period. The stylistic differences mentioned above tend to break this so-called golden era of the 5th century B.C. into two periods (Bordman, 1985). However, ironically the one factor that combines these periods together is death, or at least monuments erected for death. The Greeks viewed death somewhat differently from the way we do. To them death freed their souls and brought true happiness: then why does their grave sculpture look so pensive and thoughtful? It is because unlike today where the dead are only represented figuratively in a sobbing angel or mournful cherub, the Greeks depicted their dead as they were in life - life which was full of uncertainties and burdens but also with simple pleasures that made it all worth while. As seen in the example of this gravestone of a little girl as she would have been in actually life. Here the little girl holds two doves, one with its beak closed to her mouth as if kissing it, the other is perched on her left hand. (fig 1) Although the Parthenon in Athens remains the supreme example of classical Greek art. In its day, it would have been embellished with numerous wall-paintings and sculptures, yet even relatively devoid of adornment it stands as an unmistakable monument to Greek artistry. ?Originally, the Parthenon's sculptures fell into three groups. (1) On the triangular pediments at either end were large-scale free-standing groups containing numerous figures of Gods and mythological scenes. (2) Along both sides were almost 100 relief?s of struggling figures including Gods, humans,

History and Timeline of the Wheelchair

History and Timeline of the Wheelchair It is uncertain as to what can be considered the first wheelchair, or who invented it. The first known dedicated wheelchair (invented in 1595 and called an invalids chair) was made for Phillip II of Spain by an unknown inventor. In 1655, Stephen Farfler, a paraplegic watchmaker, built a self-propelling chair on a three-wheel chassis. The Bath Wheelchair In 1783, John Dawson of Bath, England, invented a wheelchair named after the town of Bath. Dawson designed a chair with two large wheels and one small one. The Bath wheelchair outsold all other wheelchairs throughout the early part of the 19th century. Late 1800s The Bath wheelchair was not that comfortable and during the last half of the 19th century, many improvements were made to wheelchairs. An 1869 patent for a wheelchair showed the first model with rear push wheels and small front casters. Between, 1867 to 1875, inventors added new hollow rubber wheels similar to those used on bicycles on metal rims. In 1881, the pushrims for added self-propulsion were invented. The 1900s In 1900, the first spoked wheels were used on wheelchairs. In 1916, the first motorized wheelchair was manufactured in London. The Folding Wheelchair In 1932, engineer, Harry Jennings, built the first folding, tubular steel wheelchair. That was the earliest wheelchair similar to what is in modern use today. That wheelchair was built for a paraplegic friend of Jennings called Herbert Everest. Together they founded Everest Jennings, a company that monopolized the wheelchair market for many years. An antitrust suit was actually brought against Everest Jennings by the Department of Justice, who charged the company with rigging wheelchair prices. The case was finally settled out of court. First Motorized Wheelchair - Electric Wheelchair The first wheelchairs were self-powered and worked by a patient turning the wheels of their chair manually. If a patient was unable to do this, another person would have to push the wheelchair and patient from behind. A motorized or power wheelchair is one where a small motor drives the wheels to revolve. Attempts to invent a motorized wheelchair were made as far back as 1916, however, no successful commercial production occurred at that time. The first electric-powered wheelchair was invented by Canadian inventor, George Klein and his team of engineers while working for the National Research Council of Canada in a program to assist the injured veterans returning after World War II. George Klein also invented the microsurgical staple gun. Everest Jennings, the same company whose founders created the folding wheelchair were the first to manufacture the electric wheelchair on a mass scale beginning in 1956. Mind Control John Donoghue and Braingate invented a new wheelchair technology intended for a patient with very limited mobility, who otherwise would have issues using a wheelchair by themselves. The BrainGate device is implanted into the patients brain and hooked to a computer to which the patient can send mental commands that results in any machine including wheelchairs doing what they want it to. The new technology is called BCI or brain-computer interface.

Specific ways in which the internet has changed the way businesses Essay - 5

Specific ways in which the internet has changed the way businesses operate in the global marketplace - Essay Example Without a doubt, like any other technology tools or applications, this technology is just a technology and it depends on a firm how effectively they make use of this technology. In fact, if this technology is used effectively it can bring a large number of opportunities for the business organizations. For instance, the use of the Internet allows business organizations to catch attention of new customers, retain business relationships with old customers and suppliers, deliver its products and services in a better way, communicate with customers and other stakeholders through more efficient and professional ways, gather data about customers, preferences and retrieve it speedily, and buy and sell more products. In addition, a large number of firms have attempted to make use of the Internet as extraordinary much more than it is (Ray 269). The majority of business organizations as well as individuals are moving their businesses from traditional business infrastructures to web based business environments, believing that by some means this would differentiate them from other business organizations. Without a doubt, a business organization can make use of this wonderful technology in a number of ways and in every application of the Internet brings a wide variety of benefits. In each for, Internet technology offers a number of capabilities. For instance, the Internet plays the role of a bridge for the communication of data. In addition, the Internet is a system that establishes and retains connections with any computer connected to it. In fact, if a company puts its full efforts to have control over these two rules or facilities, it can make use of this technology with greatest aptitude to improve the business (Ray 269). Moreover, the Internet minimizes the gap between the organizations and their customers as it allows business organizations to get access to global markets and reach broad categories of people at the